Woven pile fabric.



' PATENTED 00T. 23,1906.

f E. S. CRADDOGK.

WOVEN PILE FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 1905.

z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENT OFFICE.

`,EDWARD s. cRADDocnoENEw YORK, N. Y.,

l Specification of Letters Patent.

` Patented Oct. 23,1906.

' Application filed August 7, 1f905.' Serial No. 272.948.

To a/'ZZ whom it may concern: l Y Be it known'y that I, EDWARDS. CRADDOCK,

a citizen of ltheUni'ted States, residing at* New York` city, New York county, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inl Woven Pile Fabric,

' of which'the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description.

My invention relates to improvements .in pile fabrics, and particularly to improve-` ments in heavy fabrics, such as rugs.

The object of the invention isl to construct a fabric which can be manufactured rapidly inl a loom without great expense and which will nevertheless possess great firmness and durability.

yThe invention consists in improvements the principles of'which are illustrated in the accompanying two sheets of drawings.

Briefly,the fabric may be said to comprise a series of pairs'of warp-threads interwoven with a series of body weft-threads, together withk a series of alternating weit-threads not interwoven with the war -threads but serving as'a locking-thread or the pilethreads, which pile-threads are looped or knotted above the locking weft-threads and pass beneath the warp-threads and up between the pairs Iof the same.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a fragment of fabric, on a very much enlarged scale, with the threads separated to an exaggerated eX- tent, but illustrating the simplest form of my invention. Fig. 2 is Aa vertical sectional view looking up as viewed in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the plane of the line 3 3 of Fig. l looking .in the directionof the arrows. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2

of a modified form, the weft-threads which form the lock with the pile being located above the woven or body weft-thread. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. l of afabric in which the knot'is formed above the locking weftthread and between the members of a pair of Warp-threads., Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the same fabric on the plane of the line 7 7 of Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig.' 8 is a perspective view of the fabricshown in Figs. ,1, 2, and 3. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of a modification of the fabric shown in Fig. 5, the weft-thread beneath the locking-weft being omitted.

f Fig. l() isa simialr view of a modification of the typeshown in Figs. 1, 2,1 3, and 8 and a power-loom embodying the features of my invention as set forth in my application Serial No. 258,467. The warp-threads may be considered to be made up of pairs having the members A'and B, which are fed from the 2warp-beam through the hed'dles, between the needles and the separators,-and between the laying-reeds to the fabric-holding roller. The

proper disposition of thewarp-threads is produced by the movement of the needles.

' The weft-threads C fare thrown back and forth between the warp-threads by the usual shuttle, forming the basis for the woven fabric.

The locking weft-thread D isthrown in a similar manner, but always above the warp-threads. v v

The pile-thread is fed continuously fromy a beam and passes through the eyes of the needles and then through the reeds, similar tothe warp. The needles control the' vertical movement of the pile-threads. The lateral movement of the pile-thread may be accomplished either by shifting the warpthreads laterally or by shifting the entire set of needles or the points of the needles laterally,- in either event accomplishing the same relative movement.

E represents the units of the ile after they have been woven and cut. he cut occurs above the weft-threads C. The ile units are locked or knotted above the we t D, pass beneath the adjacent pair of warp-threads A and B, and then up on both sides of the locking-weft D between the adjacent wefts C.

A This is the simplest form of construction and may be woven rapidly without injury to the loom and without injury to the threads, even though they be of a soft nature.

In Fig. 4 the modified construction shows the locking-weft D above one of the wefts C This forms a closer and heavier fabric and is accomplished by practicall the same movement of the loom, except t at the body-weft is thrown below a locking-weft instead of between two of the pile-thread ends E. f

Thestructure shown in Fig. 10 may be said to be a combination of the two structures shown in Figs. l and 4. In this structure the locking-weft D2 passes above the body-weft C and the body-weft thread C is between the ends of each pile unit E3. This produces a heavier body then either structure Vso far dev'having an additional weft-thread beneath l The fabric is designed to be constructedony IOO IIO

scribed for higher classes of work. All ofV these three forms are produced by substantially the same movement of the loom by proper timing of the heddles and shuttle.

In the structure shown in Fig. 5 the warpthreads A and B are the same as above, arranged in pairs, but the pile-threads E3 are passed up between the warps A and B over the locking-weft D2, the ends of the pile units coming up on the outside of the members A and B instead of between the members B and A of the alternating pairs. This requires two distinct movements of the heddles, which consumes more time, but the fabric closely resembles the form shown in Fig. l0 in appearance and in weight.

In Fig. 9 is shown a modification of the structure shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, in which the body weft-thread beneath the lockingweft is omitted, forming a fabric more closely resembling that shown in Figs. l, 2, 3, and 8 in appearance and in weight.

The advantages of the invention will be appreciated by those skilled in this art, both from the standpoint of the user as well as the manufacturer.

What I claim is- 1. In a pile fabric, the combination of a series of pairs of warp-threads, body weftthreads interwoven with the war -threads, pile-threads and locking weft-t reads beneath the loops of the pile-threads and run ning across above all of the warp-threads the ends of the pile-threads each passing down and up around at least one warp-thread.

2. In a pile fabric, the combination of a series of pairs of warp-threads, body weftthreads interwoven with the warp-threads, locking weft-threads running across and above all of the warp-threads, and pilethread units looped above the locking weftthreads and having the ends passing below and u between the pairs of warp-threads.

3; Iii a pile fabric, the combination of a series of pairs of warp-threads, body weftthreads interwoven with the warpethreads, locking weft-threads running across and above all of the warp-threads, and pilethread units looped above the locking weftthreads and having the ends passing below and up between the warp-threads on the sides op osite to their locking-loops and adjacent te warps of the next pair.

4. In a pile fabric, warp and body weftthreads interwoven, locking weft-tlneads running across and above all of the war)- threads and above alternate body welithreads, and pile-thread units looped above and having their ends passing down on opposite sides of the locking weft-threads and the corresponding body weft-threads and uparound at least one warp-thread.

5. In a pile fabric, warp and body weftthreads interwoven, lookin(T weft-threads ruiming across and above :Il of the war)- threads and above alternate body we",- threads, and pile-thread units looped above and having their ends passing down on opposite sides of the locking weft-threads and the corresponding body weftthreads and up around two warp-therads.

6. In a pile fabric, a series of pairs of warpthreads, body weft-threads interwoven therewith, lockin r weft-threads running across and above aIl the warp-threads and superposed on alternate body weft-threads, and pile-thread units looped above the locking weft-threads and having their ends passing below and up between the warp-threads on the sides opposite their locking-loops and adjacent the warps of the next pair.

7. A pile fabric comprising a series of pairs of warp-threads, body weft-tlneads interwoven therewith, locking weft-threads, and pile-thread units loo )ed over the locking weft-threads, each o said units having the ends passing down and beneath both members of a pair of warp-threads and u on the side of the pair opposite the locking-lbop and adjacent the members of the adjacent pair of warp-threads.

EDWARD S. CRADDOCK.

Witnesses:

L. VREELAND, RoBT. S. ALLYN. 

